59 animadvert-ī

vīvō, vīvere, vīx-īto live

 

“All of these are I-Verbs – the 3rd Conjugation. Verbs in this family have an infinitive that ends with –ere. That first e is short; the infinitive of E-Verbs (2nd Conjugtaion) is –ēre, with a long ē! That means that the spoken stress goes back to the third-to-last syllable.”

 

“I-Verb (3rd Conjugation) endings differ from A-Verb (1st) and E-Verb (2nd) endings in the present and future tenses.”

Present Tense Endings, I-Verbs (3rd Conjugation): (A)

Active

-ō-imuspetōpetimus

-is-itispetispetitis

-it-untpetitpetunt

 

I seekwe seek

you seekyou all seek

he she it seeksthey seek

 

Passive

-or-imurpetorpetimur

-eris/-ere-iminīpeteris/repetiminī

-itur-unturpetiturpetuntur

 

I am soughtwe are sought you are sought you all are sought

he she it is soughtthey are sought

 

“The endings of the verb ferō, ‘bring, carry’, are like these but with small changes: the i drops out in the 3rd singular, the 2nd person singular, and the 2nd person plural active:”

Irregular forms of ferō (B)

1s fers2p fertis2s passive ferris/re

3s fert3s passive fertur

 

ferōferimusferorferimur

fersfertisferris/ferreferiminī

fertferuntferturferuntur

 

I carrywe carryI am carriedwe are carried you carryyou all carryyou are carriedyou all are carried he she it carriesthey carryhe she it is carriedthey are carried

Catullus aims for my love with words and letters. (3) “‘Aims for’ is one word in Latin.” I notice so many good (things) in Rome. (4)

When your reason has started to speak, the walls of Nature depart. (5)

 

Magnam relinquis urbem. (6)

In multīs diēbus meī vertuntur amōrēs. (7)

Amor, sī bene petit, petitur. (8)

 

“The phrase ut ferunt, ‘as they say’, is a common one in Latin.” Vīta bona, ut ferunt, semper quaeritur. (9)

“The I-Verb (3rd Conjugation) endings in the Imperfect Tense are exactly the same as those for the E-Verb (2nd Conjugation) Imperfect, in both the active and passive:”

Imperfect Tense Endings, I-Verbs (3rd Conjugation): (C)

Active

-ēbam-ēbāmuspetēbampetēbāmus

-ēbās-ēbātispetēbāspetēbātis

-ēbat-ēbantpetēbatpetēbant

 

I was seekingwe were seeking

you were seekingyou all were seeking he she it was seekingthey were seeking

 

Passive

-ēbar-ēbāmurpetēbarpetēbāmur

-ēbāris/re-ēbāminīpetēbāris/repetēbāminī

-ēbātur-ēbanturpetēbāturpetēbantur

 

I was being soughtwe were being sought you were being soughtyou all were being sought he she it was being soughtthey were being sought

When the road was turning, they were departing. Ubi via vertēbat, discēdēbant. We were yielding to the evils of war, for thus the fates were carrying us. (10) Vīvēbam, sed cōnsilium, cum vīta dolōrem ferēbat mihi, petēbam. (11)

Rōmānī Octāviānum ‘patrem patriae’ dīcēbant. (12)

 

“The I-Verb (3rd Conjugation) endings in the Future Tense HAVE NO LETTER B. Instead, they use endings that look like those of the E-Verb (2nd Conjugation) Present, except that the 1st person singular ending has an a:”

Future Tense Endings, I-Verbs (3rd Conjugation): (D)

Active

-am-ēmuspetampetēmus

-ēs-ētispetēspetētis

-et-entpetetpetent

 

I will seekwe will seek

you will seekyou all will seek he she it will seekthey will seek

 

Passive

-ar-ēmurpetarpetēmur

-ēris/re-ēminīpetēris/repetēminī

-ētur-enturpetēturpetentur

 

I will be soughtwe will be sought

you will be soughtyou all will be sought he she it will be soughtthey will be sought

His reason will speak good things to us. Ratiō eius nōbīs bona dīcet. Vōbīscum is Rōmam discēdet. (13)

Bellī fīnis ab bonīs petētur. (14)

Et iam nōs Amōrī cēdēmus. (15)

If you will ask me, I will speak thus. (16)

Whose will you be said to be? (17)

He will lay down customs and walls for the men. (18)

 

“So what happens when you see e plus a personal ending in a verb? You should think like this:”

 

docēs: It’s an E-Verb (2nd Conj.). The E is a sign of the Present, 2nd singular. So, ‘you teach’. dīcēs: It’s an I-Verb (3rd Conj.). The E is a sign of the Future, 2nd singular. So, ‘you will say’. “And an I-Verb with the simple ending am is always future: I will (verb).”

 

“Some of the following are E-Verbs (2nd Conj.), some are I-Verbs (3rd Conj.). When you can identify and translate the following correctly, you will have mastered what’s hardest about I- Verbs:”

movētis, petēs, dīcent, valet, iubeō, ferētis, dēbent docēmus, relinquet, pōnam, vidēs, timent, vertēmus (20)

“The active infinitive of an I-Verb (3rd Conjugation) ends with –ere, but the passive ending is just –ī.”

Infinite Endings of I-Verbs (3rd Conjugation) Active Passive

A-Verb-āre-ārī

E-Verb-ēre-ērī