87 Music Boxing Machine vs Punching Bag
Music Boxing Machine vs Punching Bag
A music boxing machine and a punching bag can both support punch-based home exercise, but they solve different training problems.
A music boxing machine is primarily a guided reaction and rhythm device. It uses illuminated targets, programmed sequences, music, sensors, and electronic feedback to tell the user where or when to strike. A punching bag is primarily a resistance and movement-training surface. It absorbs repeated strikes while allowing the user to choose punches, combinations, pace, distance, and footwork.
For a beginner who wants short, game-like cardio sessions in a compact space, a music boxing machine may be the more inviting option. For someone who wants to practice force transfer, combinations, distance changes, sustained bag rounds, and more traditional boxing movement, a properly installed punching bag usually provides the more appropriate physical tool.
Neither option teaches complete boxing technique on its own. A music boxing machine can record contact without knowing whether the wrist, elbow, stance, or guard was correct. A punching bag provides meaningful physical resistance but cannot explain mistakes or adapt like a qualified coach.
The best choice therefore depends on the intended experience:
- Choose a music boxing machine for visual guidance, rhythm, scoring, compact installation, and game-like exercise.
- Choose a punching bag for resistance, freer combinations, more substantial impact practice, and greater movement around the target.
- Consider both when the user wants guided motivation and traditional bag work, has adequate space, and understands that the equipment serves complementary purposes.
Readers who need the basic product definition can review What Is a Music Boxing Machine?. Those comparing individual music-boxing products should use Best Music Boxing Machines for Home Workouts.
Music Boxing Machine vs Punching Bag at a Glance
| Comparison area | Music boxing machine | Punching bag |
|---|---|---|
| Primary function | Guides punches with lights, sound, rhythm, or scores | Provides a physical target and resistance for self-directed striking |
| Target behavior | Usually fixed to a wall | May hang and swing, rebound from a base, or remain relatively stable |
| Instructions | Built-in visual or audio cues | User, coach, app, or video must supply the workout |
| Punch selection | Often determined by illuminated targets | Chosen freely by the user |
| Resistance | Usually shallow and limited by the wall-mounted panel | Usually deeper and more substantial, depending on bag mass and filling |
| Power training | Generally limited | Better suited to controlled power development |
| Reaction training | Strong for simple light-response tasks | Requires self-programmed movement or an external cue |
| Footwork | Possible, but fixed targets may limit movement | Hanging bags permit angle, range, and movement practice |
| Data | May count hits or display game estimates | Usually no data unless sensors are added |
| Floor space | Low when mounted on a wall | Moderate to high, especially with a stand or freestanding base |
| Wall or ceiling demands | Requires a suitable wall | Hanging models require overhead support; freestanding models require floor area |
| Noise path | Impact and vibration can enter the wall | Impact, bag swing, hardware, floor contact, and base movement can create noise |
| Technology dependence | May depend on power, Bluetooth, or an app | A basic bag works without electronics |
| Maintenance | Electronics, sensors, padding, mounting, cables, and software | Cover, filling, straps, chains, swivel, stand, base, and mounting hardware |
| Typical experience | Rhythm game combined with punching exercise | Traditional boxing-conditioning tool |
The comparison is not perfectly binary. Some punching bags contain sensors, while some wall-mounted electronic targets provide firmer resistance than others. However, current consumer music-boxing products generally emphasize illuminated targets and connected features, while conventional heavy bags emphasize mass, filling, suspension, and shock absorption.
The Core Difference: Guidance Versus Resistance
The most important difference is not whether one product plays music. It is how the equipment organizes the workout.
A Music Boxing Machine Organizes the Sequence
A typical music boxing machine activates one of several target areas. The user sees the light, selects a hand, strikes the target, and receives a sound, light change, score, or other response.
The machine may control:
- Which target appears
- When the target appears
- How quickly the sequence advances
- Whether a hit is counted
- When a round begins and ends
- Which music or sound accompanies the sequence
- What information appears in an app or display
This structure reduces the need to invent combinations. A new user can turn on a slow mode and immediately understand the basic task: strike the illuminated target.
The disadvantage is that the machine determines much of the pattern. A random light sequence is not necessarily a technically logical boxing combination. The device may ask the user to alternate widely separated targets without considering stance, defensive responsibility, body position, or whether the selected punch can be performed safely from the current position.
A Punching Bag Provides an Open Target
A conventional punching bag does not normally decide what the user should do. It provides a surface that can be struck repeatedly while the user or coach determines the round structure.
The user can practice:
- Single punches
- Repeated straight punches
- Hooks and uppercuts
- Head-and-body-level changes
- Fixed combinations
- Freely selected combinations
- Movement around the bag
- Entry and exit steps
- Changes in pace
- Short power intervals
- Longer conditioning rounds
A hanging heavy bag may swing after impact. That movement creates a changing relationship between the user and the target. The boxer can step around it, maintain distance, allow it to return, or stabilize it with controlled punches.
A freestanding bag responds differently. Its post, neck, and weighted base may bend, rock, or rebound. The movement depends on the design, base weight, floor surface, and force of the strike.
The open format is more flexible, but it also places greater responsibility on the user. Without coaching or a prepared plan, a beginner may repeat the same punch, stand too close, strike while off balance, or continue after technique deteriorates.
Resistance, Impact, and Punching Power
A punching bag is generally the better choice when the main objective is to practice delivering controlled force into a substantial target.
Why a Heavy Bag Provides More Resistance
A hanging heavy bag commonly contains fiber, fabric, foam, sand, or a combination of filling materials. Current Everlast models, for example, are sold in multiple weights and use reinforced straps, swivels, blended fillings, and optional lower tie-down points to manage movement. The mass of the bag and the way it deforms give the punch a larger physical object to move.
Punch performance is not produced by the arm alone. Studies of trained boxers show relationships between punch output and lower-body force production, ground reaction force, trunk contribution, body mass, and coordinated movement through the kinetic chain. Fatigue in the lower body can also reduce punch force, particularly in punches requiring greater rotation.
A heavy bag gives the user enough resistance to feel whether the body is connected to the punch. A poorly balanced punch may push the user backward, collapse the wrist, or cause the bag to move in an uncontrolled direction. This feedback is imperfect, but it is physically meaningful.
Why a Music Boxing Machine Is Usually Less Suitable for Power
A wall-mounted music boxing machine generally has a shallower striking surface and lower total mass than a conventional heavy bag. The machine’s housing, padding, adhesive, screws, bracket, and wall must absorb or transmit the strike.
Current Korhythm product information, as one category example, describes a padded electronic panel mounted with hook-and-loop material on suitable smooth surfaces or with screws for a permanent installation. It also distinguishes between smaller Lite variants and a larger adult-oriented PRO model. These are still wall panels rather than suspended heavy bags.
Manufacturers may advertise large impact-resistance numbers or encourage forceful punching, but such claims are difficult to compare without a standardized test method. A product’s ability to survive a laboratory or marketing test would not prove that a particular wall, mounting method, wrist position, or repeated home-use pattern is safe.
For most home users, a music boxing machine should be treated as a target for controlled contact, speed, rhythm, and reaction—not as a surface for unrestricted maximal punching.
Power Is Not the Same as Fitness Quality
A workout does not need maximal punch force to be useful. Fast controlled punches, foot movement, longer rounds, and shorter recovery periods can create substantial exercise demand without requiring the hardest possible impact.
A heavy bag is better able to support power-focused practice, but that does not automatically make every bag session more effective. A person who throws one hard punch and then rests may perform less aerobic work than someone completing several continuous rounds on a music boxing machine.
Technique and Skill Transfer
Neither device should be described as a complete boxing teacher. The difference is the type of practice each device makes possible.
What a Music Boxing Machine Can Reinforce
A music boxing machine can reinforce:
- Looking for an external cue
- Initiating a movement after the cue appears
- Contacting a defined target
- Alternating hands
- Maintaining a rhythm
- Completing a timed round
- Returning attention to the next target
- Sustaining engagement through scores or music
These are real tasks, but they are narrower than competitive boxing.
A light can show where to touch the machine. It cannot determine whether the user:
- Started from a stable stance
- Turned the fist appropriately
- Kept the wrist aligned
- Protected the chin
- Used the legs and trunk effectively
- Returned the hand to guard
- Maintained an appropriate distance
- Exited safely after the combination
The machine may reward a fast tap even when the movement would be technically poor in a boxing setting.
Visual or game-based practice may improve performance on the practiced task, and reviews of exergaming suggest that some active games can produce moderate-to-vigorous activity and improve enjoyment for some users. Transfer to broader athletic reaction, decision-making, or boxing performance should not be assumed without task-specific evidence.
What a Punching Bag Can Reinforce
A punching bag allows more complete practice of:
- Distance to the target
- Full punch extension
- Weight transfer
- Trunk rotation
- Repeated combinations
- Changes of level
- Movement around a target
- Contact timing
- Rhythm changes
- Recovery after impact
A hanging bag can also teach the user not to stand directly in front of a returning object. The user may need to adjust position as the bag swings.
However, the bag does not automatically teach correct technique. A person can spend years reinforcing poor mechanics on a heavy bag. The bag cannot explain why the shoulder hurts, why the feet cross, or why a hook repeatedly lands with the wrist bent.
Qualified coaching, careful instruction, and controlled progression remain more important than the choice between two pieces of equipment.
Which Is Closer to Boxing Practice?
For traditional boxing skill development, a punching bag usually has greater transfer because it supports freer combinations, whole-body force production, distance changes, and target movement.
For reaction-to-light practice and rhythm-based exercise, the music boxing machine is more specific.
The answer therefore depends on what “boxing practice” means. If it means responding to illuminated targets and moving to music, the electronic machine is the more direct tool. If it means practicing combinations and force against resistance, the bag is the closer match.
Cardio and Conditioning
Both devices can support aerobic or interval exercise, but neither guarantees a specific intensity.
Music Boxing Cardio
A music boxing session can become demanding when the user:
- Keeps the feet active
- Uses the legs and trunk
- Avoids long pauses
- Works through sustained rounds
- Uses faster cue settings
- Alternates upper- and lower-level targets
- Adds controlled defensive movements
- Limits recovery between rounds
The music, lights, and score may help some people continue moving. Systematic reviews of exergaming report that some active games can reach moderate or vigorous intensity and may increase enjoyment or reduce perceived exertion. Results differ among games, users, modes, and study designs, so the findings should not be converted into a guarantee for every music boxing machine.
A common limitation is reduced lower-body involvement. A user may stand close to the panel and tap the targets mainly with the arms. The machine can appear fast while the total movement demand remains modest.
Punching-Bag Cardio
A heavy-bag workout can combine punches, footwork, body movement, and repeated rounds. Research involving trained boxers shows that bag-based boxing drills can create substantial physiological and mechanical demands. In one study comparing bag and pad routines in elite amateur boxers, the pad routine produced higher average heart rate and oxygen consumption, while the bag routine produced higher measures of mechanical loading in some directions.
An older study of experienced participants also found high energy expenditure during a supervised noncontact boxing training session. That study involved only eight trained men and a complete hour-long boxing session, so its results should not be used as a calorie prediction for a beginner, a short bag round, or a music boxing session.
A bag session can also become low intensity when the user pauses frequently, throws isolated punches, or spends much of the round adjusting equipment.
How to Judge Either Workout
The CDC’s talk test offers a practical intensity check. During moderate-intensity aerobic activity, a person can generally talk but not sing. During vigorous activity, saying more than a few words requires a pause for breath.
Adults are generally advised to work toward 150 to 300 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic activity each week, or an equivalent amount of vigorous activity, together with muscle-strengthening activity on at least two days. Punch-based exercise may contribute to the aerobic portion, but neither a music boxing machine nor a punching bag provides a complete strength program by itself.
Reaction, Rhythm, and Motivation
The music boxing machine has a clear advantage when the user wants an external prompt.
A light tells the user which target to strike. Music establishes a pace. A score gives the round an objective. These features can reduce the mental effort required to design a workout.
That may be especially useful for:
- Beginners who do not know boxing combinations
- Users who enjoy rhythm games
- Families taking turns
- Short exercise breaks
- People motivated by hit counts or scores
- Users who dislike unstructured cardio
A punching bag offers less automatic guidance. The user needs a timer, written routine, instructor, audio workout, or personal plan.
However, the bag provides greater freedom. A person can practice a technically sensible sequence instead of chasing random lights. The user can slow down, repeat one movement, work around the bag, or change the round objective without waiting for the device to allow it.
A bag can also be paired with music, an interval timer, a workout app, or a coached video. Music is not exclusive to electronic targets; the difference is whether the target itself controls or records the response.
Space and Installation
The physical installation may decide the comparison before training goals are considered.
Music Boxing Machine Space
A wall-mounted music boxing machine uses very little floor space when not in use. A representative adult model currently measures approximately 25.6 by 21.7 inches across the face and projects about 5.1 inches from the wall, while smaller variants occupy less area.
The user still needs clear space in front of the panel. The area must allow a balanced stance, arm extension, trunk rotation, and small steps without contact with furniture, doors, screens, shelves, or other people.
The wall is part of the equipment system. Painted drywall, tile, glass, wood, concrete, and masonry require different mounting decisions. Strong adhesive can remove paint; weak adhesive can release during repeated impact. Screw mounting requires appropriate anchors and awareness of hidden wiring, plumbing, and structural limitations.
Hanging-Bag Space
A hanging heavy bag needs a support capable of carrying the static bag weight and the dynamic forces created when the bag is struck and begins to swing.
The installation also requires clearance around the bag. A user may need to move around it, and the bag must not swing into walls, vehicles, windows, storage, or people.
Hanging systems vary. Current heavy bags may use chains or reinforced straps, carabiners, swivels, and lower tie-down loops. Strap systems may reduce some hardware noise compared with chains, but the bag still moves and transfers force through its support.
Heavy-Bag Stand Space
A stand avoids overhead installation but uses substantial floor space. One current Everlast stand accommodates bags up to 100 pounds and has a published footprint of approximately 66.5 by 47.6 inches, with a height above seven feet. It also uses weight-plate pegs for stability.
The user needs additional clearance beyond the stand’s footprint. The frame can limit movement angles, and the feet may become obstacles during lateral steps.
Freestanding-Bag Space
A freestanding bag does not require ceiling support, but its base occupies the floor. A current entry-level Everlast model stands 5 feet 4 inches tall and weighs approximately 32 pounds when its base is filled with water. Its spring neck allows the upper section to rebound.
A heavier premium base may resist movement better, but it becomes difficult to relocate. A water-filled base may be easier to empty than a sand-filled base, while sand may provide greater mass. The manufacturer’s instructions should determine the permitted filling material.
Space Winner
A music boxing machine generally wins when floor space is the main constraint and an appropriate wall is available.
A punching bag wins when the user has enough open space and values movement, resistance, and traditional bag work more than a slim installation.
Noise and Vibration
Neither option is silent.
Music Boxing Machine Noise
A wall-mounted electronic target creates:
- Hand or glove contact noise
- Internal confirmation sounds
- Music from the speaker
- Vibration through the housing
- Vibration through the fasteners or adhesive
- Possible rattling as hardware loosens
Because the target is connected directly to a wall, vibration may enter the building structure. A padded surface may reduce the sharpness of the sound, but no product can be assumed to prevent transmission through every apartment wall.
Punching-Bag Noise
A hanging bag can create:
- Impact noise
- Chain, swivel, or carabiner noise
- Strap movement
- Ceiling or beam vibration
- Bag contact with a wall or floor
- Noise from a lower anchor
- Footwork noise
A freestanding bag adds base movement, floor vibration, and possible sliding.
The relative winner depends on the building. A music boxing machine may sound quieter inside the room but transmit more vibration through a shared wall. A bag may create more audible impact and hardware noise but can sometimes be placed on a garage floor away from shared walls.
This comparison is an inference from the mounting and construction of the equipment; standardized independent noise tests were not available for the product categories reviewed.
Hand, Wrist, and Shoulder Safety
Both devices involve repeated hand impact. Padding and gloves reduce some stresses but do not eliminate the need for alignment and load control.
Research involving elite boxers has measured wrist flexion and ulnar deviation during impact in both jabs and hooks. Additional research found that adding rigid tape to bandaging reduced wrist motion during impact more than bandaging alone in elite male boxers. These studies describe controlled boxing conditions and should not be interpreted as a do-it-yourself taping prescription, but they demonstrate that the wrist does move under punching load.
Music Boxing Machine Safety Considerations
A fixed wall target may encourage the user to reach for lights that are too high, too low, or too far to one side.
Common risks include:
- Striking with a bent wrist
- Snapping the elbow into full extension
- Standing too close
- Reaching from the shoulder
- Throwing wide hooks into a shallow surface
- Increasing speed before learning control
- Continuing when the mounting begins to move
Light contact should register on a properly functioning machine. A beginner should not need to punch as hard as possible to activate a target.
Punching-Bag Safety Considerations
A heavy bag permits greater force, which also increases the consequences of poor alignment.
Possible problems include:
- Wrist collapse on impact
- Thumb or knuckle discomfort
- Elbow or shoulder irritation
- Poorly distributed or hardened filling
- Excessive bag swing
- Standing too close to a returning bag
- Unstable overhead mounting
- Contact with chains or hardware
- A stand or base moving during use
Hand wraps and properly fitted gloves are commonly used for bag work. They do not compensate for a damaged bag, poor technique, uncontrolled force, or pain.
General Stopping Guidance
Reduce the speed or end the round when punches can no longer be stopped under control, the feet repeatedly cross, the user loses awareness of the room, or the wrist no longer remains aligned.
Stop exercising and seek appropriate assistance if activity causes chest pressure or pain, fainting, severe or unusual shortness of breath, sudden weakness, loss of coordination, or sharp pain.
People with current hand, wrist, elbow, shoulder, neck, or back pain; recent injury or surgery; pregnancy-related considerations; significant balance limitations; known cardiovascular or respiratory conditions; or a long period of inactivity may need guidance from an appropriate qualified professional.
Cost, Maintenance, and Long-Term Use
The initial product price does not represent the full cost of either option.
Music Boxing Machine Costs
Possible costs include:
- The machine
- Shipping
- Import charges
- Replacement gloves or wraps
- Wall repair
- Replacement adhesive
- Professional installation
- Charging or power accessories
- A compatible phone
- App or subscription costs, when applicable
The equipment also contains electronics. Sensors, lights, speakers, charging ports, cables, controls, and software can fail independently of the striking surface.
A published warranty may cover manufacturing defects while excluding normal wear, misuse, improper installation, or deterioration of the padded surface. Korhythm’s current warranty, for example, provides twelve months of limited coverage for defects in materials and workmanship while excluding improper installation, misuse, commercial use, unauthorized repairs, and normal striking-surface wear.
Punching-Bag Costs
Possible costs include:
- The bag
- Gloves and wraps
- Ceiling or wall hardware
- A swivel or spring
- Professional structural installation
- A heavy-bag stand
- Weight plates for a stand
- Floor protection
- Replacement filling
- Cover repair
- Shipping for a large or heavy item
A basic heavy bag contains no software and may remain usable for many years when the cover, filling, straps, and mounting remain in good condition.
Maintenance can still become substantial. Filling may settle and create hard areas. Straps may fray. Chains and swivels may wear. Synthetic covers may crack, and leather requires appropriate care. A freestanding base can leak, loosen, or become difficult to move.
Which Has Better Long-Term Value?
A punching bag may provide better long-term value for a user committed to traditional boxing practice because it has a simpler function and fewer electronic dependencies.
A music boxing machine may provide better personal value when the game features make the user exercise more consistently. Equipment that is technically durable but rarely used has little practical value.
Long-term value therefore includes motivation, not only construction.
Which One Should You Choose?
Choose a Music Boxing Machine When:
- Floor space is limited.
- A suitable wall is available.
- The user prefers guided targets.
- Music and lights make exercise more engaging.
- The household wants short, turn-based sessions.
- Hit counts or scores are motivating.
- The main goal is cardio, rhythm, or simple reaction practice.
- The user does not need substantial punching resistance.
- The user accepts dependence on power, electronics, or an app.
A music boxing machine may be especially useful for someone who would otherwise avoid unstructured exercise. Its strongest advantage is not superior boxing realism; it is making the next action obvious.
Choose a Punching Bag When:
- The user wants greater resistance.
- Power and force transfer are important goals.
- Freely chosen combinations matter.
- The user wants to move around the target.
- There is adequate ceiling support or floor space.
- Noise and vibration can be managed.
- The user prefers equipment without software.
- Traditional boxing conditioning is the priority.
- The user is prepared to learn appropriate technique.
A heavy bag is usually the better single tool for a person seriously interested in boxing-specific physical practice, provided installation and instruction are appropriate.
Choose Both When:
The two devices can complement each other.
A possible division is:
- Use the music boxing machine for warm-ups, rhythm rounds, reaction drills, family sessions, and short cardio breaks.
- Use the punching bag for structured combinations, distance, movement, controlled power, and longer boxing rounds.
Owning both is unnecessary for most beginners. It makes sense only when each device has a defined role and the home has enough suitable space.
Choose Neither When:
Neither device is appropriate when:
- The home cannot safely support the installation.
- Impact noise would create a serious household or neighbor problem.
- The user has pain or limitations that make striking unsuitable.
- The main goal is general strength training.
- The user needs portable equipment.
- The person wants technical coaching more than equipment.
- The product would replace a more balanced and realistic exercise plan.
Shadowboxing, resistance training, walking, dance, cycling, and other home activities can provide effective alternatives without an impact target.
A Seven-Question Decision Framework
Before choosing, answer these questions in order.
1. What Is the Main Training Goal?
Choose a music boxing machine for guided rhythm and reaction exercise. Choose a punching bag for resistance, freer combinations, and more traditional boxing conditioning.
2. Can the Home Support the Equipment?
Inspect the wall, ceiling, floor, clearance, neighboring rooms, and permission to drill or use adhesive. Do not buy first and solve installation later.
3. How Much Impact Is Intended?
Controlled tapping and fast rhythm work favor the electronic target. More substantial controlled force favors a correctly selected punching bag.
4. Does the User Need Instructions?
A music boxing machine supplies immediate cues. A bag requires a workout plan, instructor, timer, or enough experience to structure rounds.
5. Is Technology Helpful or Annoying?
Some users enjoy apps, lights, scores, and Bluetooth. Others prefer a target that works without pairing, charging, updates, or accounts.
6. How Important Is Movement Around the Target?
A bag supports more angle and distance practice. A fixed wall panel emphasizes front-facing responses and requires deliberate effort to include footwork.
7. Which Option Will Actually Be Used?
The theoretically superior training tool is not the best home choice when it remains unused. Consider convenience, enjoyment, setup time, noise restrictions, and whether the user is willing to learn the required technique.
Chapter Summary
A music boxing machine is a guided electronic target. Its main strengths are illuminated cues, rhythm, scoring, compact wall installation, and game-like exercise. It is most useful for users who want an obvious task and immediate feedback.
A punching bag is a resistance-based boxing tool. Its main strengths are force absorption, freer combinations, movement, distance practice, and more traditional bag conditioning. It is usually the better option for users prioritizing boxing-specific physical practice.
The music boxing machine generally wins for compact guided cardio and simple reaction drills. The punching bag generally wins for resistance, controlled power, movement, and broader punch practice.
Neither device can evaluate complete technique or replace qualified instruction. Both require appropriate hand and wrist alignment, controlled progression, adequate clearance, secure installation, and attention to noise.
The final decision should be based on the training goal, home structure, intended impact level, need for guidance, tolerance for technology, available movement space, and likelihood of consistent use.
Related Chapters
- What Is a Music Boxing Machine?
- Heavy Bags for Home Boxing
- Freestanding Punching Bags
- Planning for Wall-Mounted Fitness Equipment
- Choosing Interactive Boxing Equipment for Home Use
Sources and Further Reading
Only the following government, manufacturer, or peer-reviewed sources were used. All external links are intentionally marked nofollow.
- Korhythm — PRO and Lite Smart Music Boxing Machine Product Information
- Korhythm — Twelve-Month Limited Warranty
- Everlast — Elite Heavy Punching Bag
- Everlast — Core Heavy Punching Bag
- Everlast — Heavy Punching Bag Stand
- Everlast — Core Freestanding Heavy Bag
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention — How to Measure Physical Activity Intensity
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion — Physical Activity Guidelines: Top Ten Things to Know
- Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise — Energy Expenditure of Noncontact Boxing Training
- Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research — Physical Response to Pad- and Bag-Based Boxing Training
- Bioengineering — Lower-Limb Kinetics, Punches, and Fatigue
- Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research — Punch Impact Force and Muscular Strength and Power
- Frontiers in Physiology — Biomechanics of the Lead Straight Punch
- European Journal of Sport Science — Lower-Body Fatigue and Punch Force
- Sports Biomechanics — Wrist Angular Excursion During Boxing Impact
- Physical Therapy in Sport — Bandaging, Tape, and Wrist Motion During Boxing
- Journal of American College Health — Exergaming for Physical Activity: A Systematic Review
- Journal of Medical Internet Research — Exergame-Based Physical Activity Interventions