20 Index
A
absolute monarchies 17.2 Forms of Government
Absolute poverty 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
achieved statuses 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
acting crowds 21.1 Collective Behavior
activity theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
age stratification theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
aggregate 6.1 Types of Groups
agricultural societies 4.1 Types of Societies
Alienation 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
Alternative movements 21.2 Social Movements
Amalgamation 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
ambilineal 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
anarchy 17.2 Forms of Government
anticipatory socialization 5.4 Socialization Across the Life Course
anxiety disorders 19.3 Health in the United States
ascribed 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
assembling perspective 21.1 Collective Behavior
Assimilation 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
asylum-seekers 20.2 Urbanization
Atheism 15.2 World Religions
atheists 15.2 World Religions
authoritarian leaders 6.2 Group Size and Structure
Authority 17.1 Power and Authority
automation 18.3 Work in the United States
B
Baby Boomers 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
bartering 18.1 Economic Systems
beliefs 3.2 Elements of Culture
bilateral descent 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
biological determinism 12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality
bourgeoisie 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
bureaucracies 6.3 Formal Organizations
bystander effect 6.2 Group Size and Structure
C
cancer cluster 20.3 The Environment and Society
Capital flight 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
career inheritance 18.1 Economic Systems
carrying capacity 20.1 Demography and Population
case study 2.2 Research Methods
Caste systems 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
Casual crowds 21.1 Collective Behavior
category 6.1 Types of Groups
charismatic authority 17.1 Power and Authority
Chattel slavery 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
class consciousness 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
class system 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
clear division of labor 6.3 Formal Organizations
climate change 20.3 The Environment and Society
Closed systems 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
code of ethics 2.3 Ethical Concerns
Coercive organizations 6.3 Formal Organizations
cohabitation 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
collective behavior 21.1 Collective Behavior
collective conscience 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
Color-Avoidance Racism 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
commodification 19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine
concentric zone model 20.2 Urbanization
Conflict theory 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology, 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime, 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
Conformity 6.2 Group Size and Structure
conspicuous consumption 9.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
constitutional monarchies 17.2 Forms of Government
Constructivism 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
content analysis 2.2 Research Methods
Contested illnesses 19.1 The Social Construction of Health
continuity theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Conventional crowds 21.1 Collective Behavior
Convergence theory 18.1 Economic Systems
Core nations 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
Cornucopian theory 20.1 Demography and Population
corporate crime 7.3 Crime and the Law
corrections system 7.3 Crime and the Law
correlation 2.2 Research Methods
countercultures 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
court 7.3 Crime and the Law
Credentialism 16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education
Crime 7.3 Crime and the Law
criminal justice system 7.3 Crime and the Law
critical theory 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
crowd 21.1 Collective Behavior
crowdsourcing 21.3 Social Change
Cults 15.2 World Religions
cultural capital 16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education
Cultural imperialism 3.1 What Is Culture?
Cultural patterns 1.1 What Is Sociology?
Cultural Racism 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
cultural relativism 3.1 What Is Culture?
Cultural transmission 16.1 Education around the World
Cultural universals 3.1 What Is Culture?
Culture of prejudice 11.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity
culture shock 3.1 What Is Culture?
cyberfeminism 8.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
D
Davis-Moore thesis 9.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Social Stratification
de facto segregation 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
debt accumulation 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
debt bondage 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
degradation ceremony 5.4 Socialization Across the Life Course
Deindustrialization 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
demedicalization 19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine
democracy 17.2 Forms of Government
Democratic leaders 6.2 Group Size and Structure
Demographic transition theory 20.1 Demography and Population
demography 20.1 Demography and Population
denomination 15.2 World Religions
dependency ratio 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
Dependency theory 10.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification
dependent variable (DV) 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
depression 18.1 Economic Systems
design patent 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
deviance 7.1 Deviance and Control
diagnostic framing 21.2 Social Movements
dictatorship 17.2 Forms of Government
differential association theory 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
diffusion 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change, 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
digital divide 8.1 Technology Today
Disability 19.3 Health in the United States
discrimination 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
disengagement theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
doing gender 12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality
dominant group 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
downward mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
dramaturgical analysis 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
dynamic equilibrium 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
dysfunctions 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
E
e-readiness 8.1 Technology Today
E-waste 20.3 The Environment and Society
ecclesia 15.2 World Religions
Education 16.1 Education around the World
Elder abuse 13.3 Challenges Facing the Elderly
Emergent norm theory 21.1 Collective Behavior
empirical evidence Introduction
endogamous marriage 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
Environmental racism 20.3 The Environment and Society
environmental sociology 20.3 The Environment and Society
epidemiology 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
established sects 15.2 World Religions
Ethnicity 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
ethnocentrism 3.1 What Is Culture?
Ethnography 2.2 Research Methods
evolutionary model of technological change 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
exchange theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
existing social movement sector 21.2 Social Movements
exogamous marriage 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
experiment 2.2 Research Methods
explicit rules 6.3 Formal Organizations
Expressive crowds 21.1 Collective Behavior
expressive functions 6.1 Types of Groups
expressive leaders 6.2 Group Size and Structure
Expulsion 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
extreme poverty 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
exurbs 20.2 Urbanization
F
false consciousness 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
family life course 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
family life cycle 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
family of orientation 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
family of procreation 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
feminization of poverty 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
fertility rate 20.1 Demography and Population
feudal societies 4.1 Types of Societies
Field research 2.2 Research Methods
figuration 1.1 What Is Sociology?
filial piety 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
first world 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
flash mobs 21.1 Collective Behavior
folkways 3.2 Elements of Culture
Formal education 16.1 Education around the World
formal organizations 6.3 Formal Organizations
Formal sanctions 7.1 Deviance and Control
fourth world 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
Fracking Introduction
frame alignment process 21.2 Social Movements
Functionalism 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
G
Gender dysphoria 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
Gender identity 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
gender role 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
generalized other 5.1 Theories of Self-Development
generalized others 1.2 The History of Sociology
Genocide 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
Gentrification 20.2 Urbanization
geriatrics 13.2 The Process of Aging
gerontocracy 13.3 Challenges Facing the Elderly
Gerontology 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
gerotranscendence 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Gini Coefficient 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
global assembly lines 18.2 Globalization and the Economy
global commodity chains 18.2 Globalization and the Economy
global inequality 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
Global stratification 9.3 Global Stratification and Inequality, 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
globalization 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change, 18.2 Globalization and the Economy
Grade inflation 16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education
Grand theories 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
group 6.1 Types of Groups
H
habitualization 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
hate crimes 7.3 Crime and the Law
Hawthorne effect 2.2 Research Methods
Head Start program 16.3 Issues in Education
heterosexism 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
heterosexual 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
Hierarchy of authority 6.3 Formal Organizations
high culture 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change, 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
high, low, and pop 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
Historical Racism 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
Horticultural societies 4.1 Types of Societies
hospice 13.2 The Process of Aging
Human ecology 20.2 Urbanization
Hunter-gatherer societies 4.1 Types of Societies
I
ideal culture 3.2 Elements of Culture
ideology 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
impairment 19.3 Health in the United States
impersonality 6.3 Formal Organizations
in-group 6.1 Types of Groups
independent variables (IV) 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
individual mandate 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
Individual or Interpersonal Racism 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
industrial societies 4.1 Types of Societies
informal education 16.1 Education around the World
informal sanctions 7.1 Deviance and Control
Information societies 4.1 Types of Societies
innovation 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change, 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
institutionalization 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
instrumental function 6.1 Types of Groups
instrumental leader 6.2 Group Size and Structure
intergenerational mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
internally displaced person 20.2 Urbanization
interpretive framework 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
intersection theory 11.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Ethnicity
interview 2.2 Research Methods
intimate partner violence (IPV) 14.3 Challenges Families Face
intragenerational mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
iron cage 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
Iron Rule of Oligarchy 6.3 Formal Organizations
L
Labeling theory 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
laissez-faire 6.2 Group Size and Structure
Language 3.2 Elements of Culture
latent functions 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
Leadership function 6.2 Group Size and Structure
leadership styles 6.2 Group Size and Structure
legal codes 7.3 Crime and the Law
legitimation 19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine
Liberation theology 15.3 Religion in the United States
life course 13.2 The Process of Aging
life expectancy 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
literature review 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
looking-glass self 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
M
macro-level 1.1 What Is Sociology?
Malthusian theory 20.1 Demography and Population
Manifest functions 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
Market socialism 18.1 Economic Systems
Mass media 5.3 Agents of Socialization
master status 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
matrilineal 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
matrilocal residence 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
McDonaldization of Society 6.3 Formal Organizations
Media consolidation 8.3 Global Implications of Media and Technology
media globalization 8.3 Global Implications of Media and Technology
Medical sociology Introduction
Medicalization 19.3 Health in the United States
medicalization of deviance 19.5 Theoretical Perspectives on Health and Medicine
megachurch 15.3 Religion in the United States
megalopolis 20.2 Urbanization
Mercantilism 18.1 Economic Systems
meritocracies 6.3 Formal Organizations
Meritocracy 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
metropolis 20.2 Urbanization
micro-level 1.1 What Is Sociology?
minority group 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
misogyny 12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality
model minority 11.5 Race and Ethnicity in the United States
Modernization 21.3 Social Change
modernization theory 10.3 Theoretical Perspectives on Global Stratification, 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
monarchy 17.2 Forms of Government
Money 18.1 Economic Systems
mood disorders 19.3 Health in the United States
Moral development 5.1 Theories of Self-Development
Morbidity 19.3 Health in the United States
Mores 3.2 Elements of Culture
mortality rate 20.1 Demography and Population
motivational framing 21.2 Social Movements
mutualism 18.1 Economic Systems
N
narcotizing dysfunction 8.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
Negative sanctions 7.1 Deviance and Control
Neo-Luddites 8.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
net neutrality 8.1 Technology Today
New media 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
New social movement theory 21.2 Social Movements
No Child Left Behind Act 16.3 Issues in Education
Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) 21.2 Social Movements
Nonmaterial culture 3.1 What Is Culture?
nonreactive research 2.2 Research Methods
Nonviolent crimes 7.3 Crime and the Law
Normative organizations 6.3 Formal Organizations
norms 3.2 Elements of Culture
nuclear family 14.2 Variations in Family Life
nurture 5.2 Why Socialization Matters
O
oligarchy 17.2 Forms of Government
one person, one vote 17.3 Politics in the United States
Open systems 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
operational definition 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
out-group 6.1 Types of Groups
outsourcing 18.3 Work in the United States
P
panoptic surveillance 8.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
participant observation 2.2 Research Methods
Pastoral societies 4.1 Types of Societies
patrilineal 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
patrilocal residence 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
patrimonialism 17.1 Power and Authority
peer group 5.3 Agents of Socialization
Peripheral nations 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
personality disorders 19.3 Health in the United States
physician-assisted suicide 13.2 The Process of Aging
planned obsolescence 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
Plant patents 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
Pluralism 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
Polarization 18.3 Work in the United States
Police 7.3 Crime and the Law
politics 17.3 Politics in the United States
Pollution 20.3 The Environment and Society
Polytheism 15.2 World Religions
polytheistic 15.2 World Religions
popular culture 3.3 High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change
population 2.2 Research Methods
population composition 20.1 Demography and Population
population pyramid 20.1 Demography and Population
Positive sanctions 7.1 Deviance and Control
positivism 1.2 The History of Sociology
power 17.1 Power and Authority
power elite 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime, 17.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Government and Power
primary aging 13.2 The Process of Aging
primary data 2.2 Research Methods
Primary deviance 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
primary groups 6.1 Types of Groups
primogeniture 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
private healthcare 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
Prognostic framing 21.2 Social Movements
proletariat 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
public 21.1 Collective Behavior
public healthcare 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
Q
qualitative data 2.2 Research Methods
quantitative data 2.2 Research Methods
Queer Theory 12.3 Sexuality
R
racial profiling Introduction
Racial Profiling 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
racial steering 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
random sample 2.2 Research Methods
rational-legal authority 17.1 Power and Authority
rationalization 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
real culture 3.2 Elements of Culture
recession 18.1 Economic Systems
reference group 6.1 Types of Groups
Reform movements 21.2 Social Movements
refugee 20.2 Urbanization
Relative poverty 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States, 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
reliability 2.1 Approaches to Sociological Research
religion Introduction
Religious beliefs 15.1 The Sociological Approach to Religion
Religious experience 15.1 The Sociological Approach to Religion
Religious rituals 15.1 The Sociological Approach to Religion
Religious/Redemptive movements 21.2 Social Movements
representative democracy 17.2 Forms of Government
Resistance movements 21.2 Social Movements
resocialization 5.4 Socialization Across the Life Course
resource mobilization theory 21.2 Social Movements
Revolutionary movements 21.2 Social Movements
role conflict 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
Role performance 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
role strain 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
role-set 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
S
sample 2.2 Research Methods
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis 3.2 Elements of Culture
Scapegoat theory 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
scientific method Introduction
second world 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
secondary aging 13.2 The Process of Aging
Secondary deviance 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
secondary groups 6.1 Types of Groups
sect 15.2 World Religions
sedimentation of racial inequality 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
Segregation 11.4 Intergroup Relationships
selective optimization with compensation theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
self-fulfilling prophecy 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
self-report study 7.3 Crime and the Law
Semi-peripheral nations 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
senescence 13.3 Challenges Facing the Elderly
sex ratio 20.1 Demography and Population
sexual orientation 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
shaken-baby syndrome 14.3 Challenges Families Face
significant others 1.2 The History of Sociology
social change 21.3 Social Change
social construction of race 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
social construction of sexuality 12.2 Gender and Gender Inequality
social disorganization theory 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
Social epidemiology 19.2 Global Health
social facts 1.1 What Is Sociology?
Social gerontology 13.1 Who Are the Elderly? Aging in Society
social institution 1.1 What Is Sociology?
social integration 4.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Society
Social mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
social movement industry 21.2 Social Movements
Social movements 21.2 Social Movements
social order 7.1 Deviance and Control
social placement 16.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Education
social solidarity 1.3 Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology
Social stratification 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
Socialism 18.1 Economic Systems
Socialization Introduction
socialized medicine 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
socioeconomic status (SES) 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
sociological imagination 1.1 What Is Sociology?
Sociology 1.1 What Is Sociology?
standard of living 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
status consistency 9.1 What Is Social Stratification?
stereotype interchangeability 19.3 Health in the United States
Stereotypes 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
Stigmatization 19.3 Health in the United States
stigmatization of illness 19.1 The Social Construction of Health
strain theory 7.2 Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime
street crime 7.3 Crime and the Law
Structural mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
structural unemployment 18.3 Work in the United States
subculture of aging theory 13.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Aging
Subjective poverty 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
subordinate group 11.1 Racial, Ethnic, and Minority Groups
subsistence farming 18.1 Economic Systems
Suburbs 20.2 Urbanization
survey 2.2 Research Methods
sustainable development 20.2 Urbanization
symbols 3.2 Elements of Culture
Systemic Racism 11.3 Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism
T
technological diffusion 8.3 Global Implications of Media and Technology
technological globalization 8.3 Global Implications of Media and Technology
technology 8.1 Technology Today
technophiles 8.4 Theoretical Perspectives on Media and Technology
thanatology 13.2 The Process of Aging
third world 10.1 Global Stratification and Classification
Thomas theorem 4.3 Social Constructions of Reality
total institutions 6.3 Formal Organizations
totalitarian dictatorship 17.2 Forms of Government
traditional authority 17.1 Power and Authority
Transgender 12.1 Sex, Gender, Identity, and Expression
U
underemployment 18.3 Work in the United States
underground economy 10.2 Global Wealth and Poverty
Unilateral descent 14.1 What Is Marriage? What Is a Family?
universal access 16.1 Education around the World
universal healthcare 19.4 Comparative Health and Medicine
Upward mobility 9.2 Social Stratification and Mobility in the United States
urban sociology 20.2 Urbanization
Urbanization 20.2 Urbanization
utilitarian organizations 6.3 Formal Organizations
Utility patents 8.2 Media and Technology in Society
V
value neutrality 2.3 Ethical Concerns
value-added theory 21.1 Collective Behavior
values 3.2 Elements of Culture
victimless crime 7.3 Crime and the Law
Violent crimes 7.3 Crime and the Law
voluntary organizations 6.3 Formal Organizations
Z
zero population growth 20.1 Demography and Population
