Bibliography
Article Open Access
Argiriou, S. L. (n.d.). TERRY FRISK UPDATE. https://www.fletc.gov/sites/default/files/imported_files/training/programs/legal-division/downloads-articles-and-faqs/research-by-subject/4th-amendment/terryfriskupdate.pdf
Coviello, D., & Persico, N. (2013). An Economic Analysis of Black-White Disparities in NYPD’s Stop and Frisk Program (No. w18803; p. w18803). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w18803
Cook, J. (2021). Suspicionless Policing. Scholarly Works, 89, 1568. https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_artchop/1409
Goel, S., Rao, J. M., & Shroff, R. (2016). Precinct or prejudice? Understanding racial disparities in New York City’s stop-and-frisk policy. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 10(1), 365–394. https://doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS897
Harris, D. A. (n.d.). Factors for Reasonable Suspicion: When Black and Poor Means Stopped and Frisked. Indiana Law Journal, 69, 31. https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1600&context=ilj#:~:text=’,-2&text=A%20substantial%20body%20of%20law,crime%20activity%2C%20and%20evasive%20behavior
Jones-Brown, D. D. (2013). Stop, Question & Frisk Policing Practices In New York City: A Primer. http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/SQF_Primer_July_2013.pdf
Report of Dennis C. Smith, Ph.D. and Robert M. Purtell, Ph.D. in Response to the Second Supplemental Report of Jeffrey Fagan, Ph.D. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2022, from http://jjcweb.jjay.cuny.edu/history/police_policy_analysis/CORRECTED%20VERSION%20Smith%20&%20Purtell%20Response%20to%20Fagan%20Second%20Suppl.%20Report(1).pdf
Second Supplemental Report of Jeffrey Fagan, Ph.D. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2022, from https://ccrjustice.org/files/FaganSecondSupplementalReport.pdf
Thornton, K. D. (2012). It’s Not Purely Academic: Using Practitioners to Increase the Rigor and Practical Learning in Scholarly Writing. Perspectives: Teaching Legal Research and Writing, 20, 65. https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/content/dam/ewp-m/documents/legal/en/pdf/other/perspectives/1992-2018/2012-winter-spring.pdf
Book Print
Fortner, M. J. (2015). Black silent majority: the Rockefeller drug laws and the politics of punishment. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990083372010106128
Ferguson, A. G. (2017). The rise of big data policing: surveillance, race, and the future of law enforcement. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990090182460106128
Taylor, C. (2019). Fight the power: African Americans and the long history of police brutality in New York City. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990092582460106128
White, M. D. (2016). Stop and frisk: the use and abuse of a controversial policing tactic. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990086600950106128
Case Open Access
Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366 (1993). (n.d.). Justia Law. Retrieved November 16, 2022, from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/508/366/
Terry Stop and Frisks Doctrine and Practice Library of Congress. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/amdt4-5-5-1/ALDE_00000797/
Terry vs Ohio Office of Justice Programs. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://www.ojp.gov/ncjrs/virtual-library/abstracts/terry-vs-ohio
Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1 (1968). (n.d.). Justia Law. Retrieved September 2, 2022, from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/392/1/
Case Summary OER
Minnesota v. Dickerson. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved November 16, 2022, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1992/91-2019
Terry v. Ohio. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved February 17, 2023, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1967/67
eBook (John Jay College Community Access)
O’Flaherty, B. (2019). Shadows of doubt: stereotypes, crime, and the pursuit of justice. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990094137570106128
Schauer, F. F. (2009). Thinking like a lawyer a new introduction to legal reasoning. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990068532290106128
eBook Open Access
Bast, C., & Hawkins, M. (2022). Foundations of Legal Research and Writing. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408487
Edlin, D. E. (2016). Common Law Judging: Subjectivity, Impartiality, and the Making of Law. University of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.3783964
Egbert, S., & Leese, M. (2021). Criminal Futures : Predictive Policing and Everyday Police Work. Taylor & Francis. https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/29741
Ellsworth, P. (2005). Legal Reasoning. In The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. https://repository.law.umich.edu/book_chapters/51
Garner, B. (2022). Legal Writing in Plain English: A Text with Exercises. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408559
Mangan, J. (2022). Legal Writing Manual – Second Edition. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773411546
National Academies of Sciences, E. (2017). Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities. https://doi.org/10.17226/24928
Statsky, W. (2021). Gilbert Law Summaries on Legal Research, Writing and Analysis. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408490
Vandevelde, K. (2021). Thinking Like A Lawyer, an Introduction to Legal Reasoning. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408488
Webley, L. (2022). Legal Writing. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408929
Library Database (John Jay College Community Access)
Garrison, A. H. (2014). NYPD Stop and Frisk, Perceptions of Criminals, Race and the Meaning of Terry v. Ohio: A Content Analysis of Floyd, et al. v City of New York. Rutgers Race & the Law Review, 15, 65–156. http://ez.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/login?url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/rrace15&i=67
Meares, T. L. (2015). Programming Errors: Understanding the Constitutionality of Stop-and-Frisk as a Program, Not an Incident Symposium: Criminal Procedure in the Spotlight. University of Chicago Law Review, 82(1), 159–180. http://ez.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/login?url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/uclr82&i=165
Segal, J. (2012). “All of the Mysticism of Police Expertise”: Legalizing Stop-and-Frisk in New York, 1961-1968 Note. Harvard Civil Rights-Civil Liberties Law Review, 47(2), 573–616. http://ez.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/login?url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/hcrcl47&i=577
Smith, M. R., Rojek, J. J., Petrocelli, M., & Withrow, B. (2017). Measuring Disparities in Police Activities: A State of the Art Review. Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management, 40(2), 166–183. https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/polic40&i=164
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OER
Leventakis, G., & Haberfeld, M. R. (2018). Community-Oriented Policing and Technological Innovations. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-89294-8
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Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved September 6, 2022, from https://openresearchlibrary.org/viewer/6d42995c-ebc6-4ba8-b129-ca40983b8896
Video Recording Open Access
The Supreme Court 3of4 A Nation of Liberties. (2018, January 4). Dailymotion. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6cm0bd
