Bibliography
Article Open Access
Argiriou, S. L. (n.d.). TERRY FRISK UPDATE. https://www.fletc.gov/sites/default/files/imported_files/training/programs/legal-division/downloads-articles-and-faqs/research-by-subject/4th-amendment/terryfriskupdate.pdf
Coviello, D., & Persico, N. (2013). An Economic Analysis of Black-White Disparities in NYPD’s Stop and Frisk Program (No. w18803; p. w18803). National Bureau of Economic Research. https://doi.org/10.3386/w18803
Cook, J. (2021). Suspicionless Policing. Scholarly Works, 89, 1568. https://digitalcommons.law.uga.edu/fac_artchop/1409
Goel, S., Rao, J. M., & Shroff, R. (2016). Precinct or prejudice? Understanding racial disparities in New York City’s stop-and-frisk policy. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 10(1), 365–394. https://doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS897
Harris, D. A. (n.d.). Factors for Reasonable Suspicion: When Black and Poor Means Stopped and Frisked. Indiana Law Journal, 69, 31. https://www.repository.law.indiana.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=&httpsredir=1&article=1600&context=ilj#:~:text=’,-2&text=A%20substantial%20body%20of%20law,crime%20activity%2C%20and%20evasive%20behavior
Jones-Brown, D. D. (2013). Stop, Question & Frisk Policing Practices In New York City: A Primer. http://www.atlanticphilanthropies.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/09/SQF_Primer_July_2013.pdf
Report of Dennis C. Smith, Ph.D. and Robert M. Purtell, Ph.D. in Response to the Second Supplemental Report of Jeffrey Fagan, Ph.D. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2022, from http://jjcweb.jjay.cuny.edu/history/police_policy_analysis/CORRECTED%20VERSION%20Smith%20&%20Purtell%20Response%20to%20Fagan%20Second%20Suppl.%20Report(1).pdf
Second Supplemental Report of Jeffrey Fagan, Ph.D. (n.d.). Retrieved September 2, 2022, from https://ccrjustice.org/files/FaganSecondSupplementalReport.pdf
Thornton, K. D. (2012). It’s Not Purely Academic: Using Practitioners to Increase the Rigor and Practical Learning in Scholarly Writing. Perspectives: Teaching Legal Research and Writing, 20, 65. https://legal.thomsonreuters.com/content/dam/ewp-m/documents/legal/en/pdf/other/perspectives/1992-2018/2012-winter-spring.pdf
Book Print
Fortner, M. J. (2015). Black silent majority: the Rockefeller drug laws and the politics of punishment. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990083372010106128
Ferguson, A. G. (2017). The rise of big data policing: surveillance, race, and the future of law enforcement. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990090182460106128
Taylor, C. (2019). Fight the power: African Americans and the long history of police brutality in New York City. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990092582460106128
White, M. D. (2016). Stop and frisk: the use and abuse of a controversial policing tactic. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990086600950106128
Case Open Access
Minnesota v. Dickerson, 508 U.S. 366 (1993). (n.d.). Justia Law. Retrieved November 16, 2022, from https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/508/366/
Terry Stop and Frisks Doctrine and Practice Library of Congress. (n.d.). Retrieved December 14, 2022, from https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/amdt4-5-5-1/ALDE_00000797/
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Case Summary OER
Minnesota v. Dickerson. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved November 16, 2022, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1992/91-2019
Terry v. Ohio. (n.d.). Oyez. Retrieved February 17, 2023, from https://www.oyez.org/cases/1967/67
eBook (John Jay College Community Access)
del Carmen, R. V., Hemmens, C., Carmen, D., Hemmens, P. and D. H. of C. C., & Brody, U. D. (2010). Terry v. Ohio. In Criminal Procedure and the Supreme Court. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Incorporated. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1s21qef/cdi_askewsholts_vlebooks_9781442201583
Eterno, J. A. (2015). An Examination of the Constitutional Issues Related to New York City Police Department Policing Tactics and Policies. In The New York City Police Department (pp. 36–61). CRC Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1s21qef/cdi_proquest_ebookcentralchapters_1591635_8_37
French, L. (2018). The history of policing America: From militias and military to the law enforcement of today. Rowman & Littlefield. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1gt1hlm/alma990093075010106128
O’Flaherty, B. (2019). Shadows of doubt: Stereotypes, crime, and the pursuit of justice. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1gt1hlm/alma991008860929706121
Schauer, F. F. (2009). Thinking like a lawyer a new introduction to legal reasoning. Harvard University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1nmngs/alma990068532290106128
White, M. D. (2016). Stop and frisk: The use and abuse of a controversial policing tactic. University Press. https://cuny-jj.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/permalink/01CUNY_JJ/1gt1hlm/alma9994417651206128
eBook Open Access
Bast, C., & Hawkins, M. (2022). Foundations of Legal Research and Writing. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408487
Edlin, D. E. (2016). Common Law Judging: Subjectivity, Impartiality, and the Making of Law. University of Michigan Press. https://doi.org/10.3998/mpub.3783964
Egbert, S., & Leese, M. (2021). Criminal Futures : Predictive Policing and Everyday Police Work. Taylor & Francis. https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/29741
Ellsworth, P. (2005). Legal Reasoning. In The Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning. https://repository.law.umich.edu/book_chapters/51
Garner, B. (2022). Legal Writing in Plain English: A Text with Exercises. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408559
Mangan, J. (2022). Legal Writing Manual – Second Edition. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773411546
National Academies of Sciences, E. (2017). Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime and Communities. https://doi.org/10.17226/24928
Statsky, W. (2021). Gilbert Law Summaries on Legal Research, Writing and Analysis. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408490
Vandevelde, K. (2021). Thinking Like A Lawyer, an Introduction to Legal Reasoning. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408488
Webley, L. (2022). Legal Writing. MERLOT. https://www.merlot.org/merlot/viewMaterial.htm?id=773408929
Library Database (John Jay College Community Access)
Garrison, A. H. (2014). NYPD Stop and Frisk, Perceptions of Criminals, Race and the Meaning of Terry v. Ohio: A Content Analysis of Floyd, et al. v City of New York. Rutgers Race & the Law Review, 15, 65–156. http://ez.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/login?url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/rrace15&i=67
Meares, T. L. (2015). Programming Errors: Understanding the Constitutionality of Stop-and-Frisk as a Program, Not an Incident Symposium: Criminal Procedure in the Spotlight. University of Chicago Law Review, 82(1), 159–180. http://ez.lib.jjay.cuny.edu/login?url=https://heinonline.org/HOL/P?h=hein.journals/uclr82&i=165
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OER
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Statistics. (n.d.). Retrieved September 6, 2022, from https://openresearchlibrary.org/viewer/6d42995c-ebc6-4ba8-b129-ca40983b8896
Video Recording Open Access
The Supreme Court 3of4 A Nation of Liberties. (2018, January 4). Dailymotion. https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x6cm0bd
